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自己做的工作一直涉及的是单实例数据库对容灾也没有特别高的要求平时基本上是靠rman备份或是手工逻辑备份所以一直想做一些关于dataguard的实验去验证一些感觉很棒的操作本文参照了三思的一些文档搭建了一套这样的环境很是兴奋虽然对理论知识不是太理解但是用实践来验证理论会更好的理解吧下面是自己搭建dataguard环境时的一些简要记录 创建主库即在一台物理机上安装数据库软件及创建数据库作为主库并启动到force logging 状态（alter database force logging;） 创建备库在另一台物理机上只安装数据库软件作为备库所有路径与主库一致 在主库上创建备库的控制文件SQL> alter database create standbycontrolfile as d:\backup\controlctl; 关闭主库把主库所有数据文件（如果备库没有相关目录那么连带目录一并）拷贝到备库的相应位置把创建的备库控制文件拷贝到拷贝到相应位置然后复制与主库一样的份数及名称 拷贝主库的密码文件到备库的相应文件中 修改主库的spfile 文件主要是添加下列内容修改的时候创建pfile修改后再创建spfile: *log_archive_format=%T%S%rARC *DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary *log_archive_config=DG_CONFIG=（primarystandby） *log_archive_dest_=location=F:\flash_recover_area\ORCL\ARCHIVELOGVALID_FOR=（ALL_LOGFILESALL_ROLES） DB_UNIQUE_NAME=PRIMARY *log_archive_dest_=SERVICE=standbyarch ASYNC VALID_FOR=（ONLINE_LOGFILESPRIMARY_ROLE） DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby *STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO *LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_=ENABLE *LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_=ENABLE *FAL_SERVER=standby *FAL_CLIENT=primary 修改主库的tns添加下列内容 PRIMARY = （DESCRIPTION = （ADDRESS_LIST = （ADDRESS = （PROTOCOL = TCP）（HOST = bcde）（PORT = ）） ） （CONNECT_DATA = （SERVICE_NAME = orcl） ） ） STANDBY = （DESCRIPTION = （ADDRESS_LIST = （ADDRESS = （PROTOCOL = TCP）（HOST = ）（PORT = ）） ） （CONNECT_DATA = （SERVICE_NAME = orcl） ） ） 当然备库的spfile也得修改主要添加下列内容 *log_archive_format=%T%S%rARC *DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby *log_archive_config=DG_CONFIG=（primarystandby） *log_archive_dest_=location=F:\flash_recover_area\ORCL\ARCHIVELOGVALID_FOR=（ALL_LOGFILESALL_ROLES） DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby *log_archive_dest_=SERVICE=primaryarch ASYNC VALID_FOR=（ONLINE_LOGFILESPRIMARY_ROLE） DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary *STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO *LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_=ENABLE *LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_=ENABLE *FAL_CLIENT=standby *FAL_SERVER=primary 修改备库的tns添加下列内容 PRIMARY = （DESCRIPTION = （ADDRESS_LIST = （ADDRESS = （PROTOCOL = TCP）（HOST = ）（PORT = ）） ） （CONNECT_DATA = （SERVICE_NAME = orcl） ） ） STANDBY = （DESCRIPTION = （ADDRESS_LIST = （ADDRESS = （PROTOCOL = TCP）（HOST = ）（PORT = ）） ） （CONNECT_DATA = （SERVICE_NAME = standby） ） ） 由于备库没有实力服务所以在备库中创建实例的服务 用oradim工具创建备库orcl实例 ? oradimnew sid orcl startmode m ? oradimedit sid orcl startmode a ? 其实到这里配置基本上就结束了下面就是启动和验证是否可用了 启动及关闭顺序启动时先启动备库再主库关闭时先关闭主库再备库 在备库将实例启动到mount 状态 SQL> startup nomount; SQL>alter database mount standby database ; SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; SQL>alter database recover managed standby database cancel; 备库启监听 $lsnrctl start 主库启实例 SQL> startup; 主库启监听 $lsnrctl start 在主库验证归档目录是否有效 SQL> SELECT STATUSDESTINATION ERROR FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST; 如果有错误要排查原因 SQL> alter system switch logfile; SQL> select max（sequence#） from v$archived_log; 主备切换 主库 SQL> select switchover_status fromv$database; SWITCHOVER_STATUS TO STANDBY SQL> alter database commit to switchoverto physical standby with session shutdown ; 数据库已更改 SQL> alter database commit to switchoverto physical standby; alter database commit to switchover tophysical standby * 第 行出现错误 ORA: 未装载数据库 SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA: 未装载数据库 ORACLE 例程已经关闭 SQL> startup ORACLE 例程已经启动 Total System Global Area bytes Fixed Size bytes Variable Size bytes Database Buffers bytes Redo Buffers bytes 数据库装载完毕 数据库已经打开 SQL> alter database commit to switchoverto physical standby; 数据库已更改 SQL> select switchover_status fromv$database; SWITCHOVER_STATUS TO PRIMARY SQL> shutdown immediate; 数据库已经关闭 已经卸载数据库 ORACLE 例程已经关闭 SQL> startup nomount; ORACLE 例程已经启动 Total System Global Area bytes Fixed Size bytes Variable Size bytes Database Buffers bytes Redo Buffers bytes SQL> alter database mount standbydatabase; 数据库已更改 SQL> alter database recover managedstandby database disconnect from session; 数据库已更改 备库 SQL> select switchover_status fromv$database; SWITCHOVER_STATUS SWITCHOVER PENDING SQL> alter database commit to switchoverto primary; alter database commit to switchover toprimary * ERROR at line : ORA: media recovery required 开始介质恢复 SQL> alter database recover managedstandby database finish; Database altered SQL> alter database commit to switchoverto primary; Database altered SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA: database not open Database dismounted ORACLE instance shut down SQL> startup; ORACLE instance started Total System Global Area bytes Fixed Size bytes Variable Size bytes Database Buffers bytes Redo Buffers bytes Database mounted Database opened SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered SQL> select switchover_status fromv$database; SWITCHOVER_STATUS TO STANDBY 以下是介质恢复时的alert 日志 alterdatabase commit to switchover to primary Maximumwait for role transition is minutes Databasenot available for switchover EndOfREDO archived log file has beenreceived EndOfREDO archived log file has not beenrecovered Archived log files detected beyondEndOfREDO Incomplete recovery SCN:: archiveSCN:: Databasenot available for switchover EndOfREDO archived log file has beenreceived EndOfREDO archived log file has not beenrecovered Archived log files detected beyondEndOfREDO Incomplete recovery SCN:: archiveSCN:: Switchover:Media recovery required standby not in limbo ORAsignalled during: alter database commit to switchover to primary… WedSep :: alterdatabase recover managed standby database finish SerialMedia Recovery started ManagedStandby Recovery not using Real Time Apply WARNING!Recovering data file from a fuzzy file If not the current file itmight be an online backup taken without entering the begin backup command WARNING!Recovering data file from a fuzzy file If not the current file itmight be an online backup taken without entering the begin backup command MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC WedSep :: MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC WedSep :: MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC WedSep :: MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC WedSep :: MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC MediaRecovery Log F:\FLASH_RECOVER_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\ARC IdentifiedEndOfRedo for thread sequence Resettingstandby activation ID （xca） MediaRecovery EndOfRedo indicator encountered MediaRecovery Applied through change Completed:alter database recover managed standby database finish 好像是当时主库传过来的归档日志都没有应用另外注意到原始主库发出归档命令时先归档到主库中后归档到备库中切换之后现在的主库发出归档命令后还是先归档到原来的主库（即现在的备库）然后才是自己 |
